نشریه اندیشه های نوین تربیتی
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1399)

The present study aimed at exploring the elements of higher education in addition to introducing its composing main factors and categories in Iran and eventually presenting a comprehensive model according to the context of Iran. This is a qualitative study using grounded theory method. In order to collect the data with the purpose of finding the categories of the model, 16 semi-structured interviews with specialists and professors of the area of higher education and privatization of higher education were conducted. The sample was selected based on snowball sampling. Then, the model was accredited using member checking method. The results were presented in the form of a model consisted of 13 main categories including causal factors (Time requirements, Economic legal base), contextual factors (Cultural context, Political context, Legal context), interfering factors (Scientific axis, Policy-oriented), strategies (Supportive and financial, connectionsCorrective actions), and outcomes (Big consequences, Academic and individual consequences, Unwanted results). Also, privatization of higher education was considered as the core category in this study. Based on the findings, some recommendations were presented

Among the language skills, writing is one of the most important communication skills that is planned for its education in all educational systems from the elementary school. The ever-increasing advances in educational assessment provide the context for the diagnostic information needed to determine the strengths and weaknesses of students. This study intends to explore the possibility of using cognitive diagnostic assessment to assess the writing attributes of elementary school students. For this purpose, the check list, which was proposed by Kim (2015) for evaluating academic writing in English and the initial Q-matrix, was reviewed. 816 sixth grade elementary school students, answered three writing assignments. Estimation of the model parameters were performed using Reduced Reparametrized Unified Model (R-RUM). The relative and absolute indices indicate that the model is sufficiently fit. The result showed that 17 indicator can be used to assess the writing attitudes with appropriate accuracy in assignments requiring students to write a long text. But for assignments that require writing a short text, the 9 indicator can be used to assess the writing attitudes with appropriate accuracy.

Utilization of strategies that Synergistic school / parent involvement in order to achieve formal and informal goals and programs considered as essential requirements in every educational system. This study identification the present Parent Involvement Strategies in middle schools Base on Epstein’s Framework of Six Types of Involvement. To collect needed data, we applied structured interview and research data was gathering and reported from 16 parent, teachers and principal in three schools in Tehran 6th district. For truth worth to this study, we uses of Member checking, ‌ External audit, Triangulation and Prolonged Engagement methods. Based on results, selected schools reportage present Parent Involvement Strategies Based on Epstein’s Framework of Six Types of Involvement, including; Use of Technology and Family training Program (parenting), School Website , Telegram Channel , SMS , Educational Calendar and Invitation (communication), Participation in national, religious festivals (volunteering), Extracurricular Activities and Student Planning Office (learning at home) and Central association and Grade association (decision – making). As, selected schools have not reported any strategy in collaborate with community. However, because valuable of cooperation with community in order to realization of life school, it should be acknowledged that this is a missing link in our country's education system. Those, schools with aware of unparalleled such strategies and plans among different schools, can uses from the experiences of selected schools in attracting school / parent involvement.

Institutions are one of the key factors of the ecosystem of academic entrepreneurship that have an effective role in the growth and development of academic entrepreneurship. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze the institutional dimensions of the academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. The University of Tehran as one of the top long-standing universities in the country. This university is selected for research as a case study. In order to collect tacit knowledge and information of experts, the 26 experts are interviewed. The study strategy for this research is data theory and the approach of data collection is descriptive-explanatory studies. In this framework, the coding analysis method used for data analysis. The institutional components of the university entrepreneurship ecosystem were identified. Then, using field findings, the model of university entrepreneurship ecosystem with the focus on institutions has been designed and analyzed. Institutions structure human interaction. Institutional structures play an important role in the formation of productive, non-productive and destructive forms of entrepreneurial ecosystem. For this reason, countries with weak institutional structures have unproductive entrepreneurship or, in some cases, destructive entrepreneurship. Hence, institutional change is the main cause of entrepreneurial change. In this way, institutions influence the nature and results of entrepreneurship by setting the rules of the game. The findings of this study identified and classified in three levels: national, industry and organization. The main institutional factors of the academic entrepreneurship ecosystem at these levels are in the national level include: good governmental, political, economic, cultural, judicial and legislative institutions and in the industry level: industry, market institution and facilitating organizations and in the organizational level: management, technology, culture, regulation and finance institution.

Resilience is a concept that researchers have been focusing on in recent years in explaining human behavior. Resilience refers to one's ability to maintain a psychological and biological adaptability in the face of critical and threatening conditions. On the other hand, positive psychology has been concluded that several factors are effective in increasing people's resilience to stress. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of mindfulness and gratitude of god on the resilience of Students with the mediation role of humor of Tabriz University. From these students, 240 students were selected by multiple cluster sampling method from Civil Engineering, Mathematical and Psychological faculties. Data were collected using the 5-item Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Humor Questionnaire (SHQ), gratitude of fod Questionnaire (Krause, Neal, 2006) and Conner-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (CD-RISC). Path analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that students' resilience was predicted directly by gratitude of God (β = 0.35) and humor (β = 0.29). Resilience is also predicted indirectly and in a humor way by gratitude of God (β = 0.083) and mindfulness (β = 0.076). The results of the research on the path of mindfulness to resilience were not confirmed. Furthermore, the results indicate that 15% of students' resilience is explained by mindfulness, gratitude of god, and humor. Finally, the findings showed that 27% of resiliency is explained by the variables of mindfulness and gratitude of God by humor.

This study aimed to discriminate students with high and low social isolation based on components of social intelligence, bullying and academic well-being. The method of this study was causal-comparative. The population consisted of all male and female students enrolled in Tabriz city secondary schools in the 2019-2020 academic year that according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 365 students were selected by the multistage cluster sampling method. For data collection from the Tromso social intelligence scale (2001), the Illinois bullying scale (2001), academic well-being Tuominen-Soini et al Questionnaire (2012) and social isolation Modarresi Yazdi Questionnaire (2014) were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software and statistical test discriminant analysis. The results of the discriminant analysis, leading to a significant recognition function that according to this function, school burnout and the victim had the highest ability to differentiate (p

The main purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the transformation document at the school level from a native perspective in the school-centered model. The research was applied according to the purpose and in terms of nature, developmental and mixed (qualitative and quantitative). Qualitative analysis and analysis of all global models of school-based and then quantitative and survey methods have been used. All primary school principals in Bushehr province (487 people) statistical population and according to Morgan table and random sampling 217 people were selected. Results The research findings show that the characteristics of the document of fundamental change at the level of a school with all the minor features of the realization of good life, the center of supply and services and educational opportunities, pave the way for understanding and modifying the situation by the student according to the components Native school is in good condition. Focusing on local capacities and evaluating its effectiveness shows the accuracy of the designed model, its factors and components in accordance with the transformation document.

The aim of this research is the explanation of citizenship features in cyberspace by comparing it with citizenship education in real space and analyzing probable opportunities and threats. Research method is explanatory- analytic. The results showed that with the expansion and pervasiveness of cyberspace, a certain type of citizenship occurs with specific components which require special training. Cyberspace citizen takes on components and characteristics in the realm of behaviour and identity because of his presence and participation in a network of virtual interactions.The social commitment of real space which is accompanied by ethical valuations becomes completely individual in cyberspace because of the absence of a systematic structure of values. Desirable citizen in cyberspace in addition to media and information literacy requires components such as awareness, adherence to cultural values and norms, rule-of-law, Pivotal justice, participation and informed responsibility. Virtual citizen education helps cultivate Critical Citizens and Strengthening desire of lifelong learning in order to help active participation in social affairs by using distinctive cyberspace features for learning, research and spending high quality leisure time.

Test anxiety causes a wide range of negative consequences including psychological distress, academic failure, and feeling of insecurity. In the same way, Perspective-Taking Training is one of the ways to have a positive effect on emotion regulation and test anxiety reduction. The present study conducted due to determine the effectiveness of ACT Matrix with compassion on emotion regulation strategy in the students with test anxiety disorders. This study was an experimental study with a pretest and posttest control group design. In the study 30 female students aged between 15 and 17 years (senior high school) situated in Ahvaz, selected by using a Multistage cluster sampling method, and the students arranged in experimental group and control group (15 persons each group) by randomization. Experimental group students received an intervention course of 16 sessions (one session per week, lasting 1 hour), and control group students without any organized intervention just watched movies and animations. Participants in both groups before intervention and after the course answered cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. The data analyzed by using MANCOVA. The results of data analysis showed that the ACT matrix with compassion lead to the improvement of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in experimental group students compared with the control group students. According to our research ACT Matrix with compassion lead to the improvement of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in students with test anxiety.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between positive-oriented leadership and smart leadership with school entrepreneurship with the mediating role of self-efficacy of teachers in Kermanshah city. The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all teachers with 3053 who were selected as using random stratified sampling method and based on Karajsi and Morgan table. Four standard questionnaires Included: Cameron's Positive Leadership Questionnaire (2007); Smart Leadership by Sidmanlaka (2002); Scheffen, Moran & Wolfeff, (2001) and Margaret Hill's Organizational Entrepreneurship (2003) were used to collect research data. The validity of the questionnaires was calculated using content and formal validity, and its reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and was estimated to be 0.91, 0.93, 0.90 and 0.91, respectively. To analyze of data descriptive techniques and inferential statistics (confirmatory factor analysis and confirmation path analysis) were used.The results showed that: Positive leadership, smart leadership, and teacher self-efficacy have a significant impact on school entrepreneurship. Also, positive leadership and intelligent leadership have a significant effect on teachers' self-efficacy; Positive leadership through teachers' self-efficacy has a significant effect on school entrepreneurship.